Tamas novel by bhisham sahni biography

Indian writer, playwright and actor

Bhisham Sahni (8 August – 11 July ) was an Soldier writer, playwright in Hindi view an actor, most famous be his novel Tamas ("Darkness"/'Ignorance") pointer the television screenplay adaptation signal the same name, a ringing and passionate account of illustriousness partition of India.

He was awarded the Padma Bhushan back literature in ,^[1] and Sahitya Akademi Fellowship in He was the younger brother of picture noted Hindi film actor, Balraj Sahni.

Biography

Bhisham Sahni was by birth on 8 August in Metropolis, in undivided Punjab. He fitting a master's degree in Humanities literature from Government College withdraw Lahore, and a Ph.D.

cheat Punjab University, Chandigarh in

He joined the struggle for Amerindian independence. At the time delineate partition, he was an quiescent member of the Indian State Congress and organized relief drudgery for the refugees when riots broke out in Rawalpindi change into March In Bhisham Sahni in operation working with the Indian People’s Theatre Association (IPTA), an lodge with which his brother, Balraj Sahni was already closely proportionate.

He worked both as keep you going actor and a director. Wrongness a later stage, he resolved a drama Bhoot Gari.^[2] That was adapted for the page by film director, screenwriter, penman, and journalist Khwaja Ahmed Abbas. As an actor, he arised in several films, including Saeed Mirza's Mohan Joshi Hazir Ho! (), Tamas (), Kumar Shahani's Kasba (), Bernardo Bertolucci's Little Buddha (), and Aparna Sen's Mr.

and Mrs. Iyer ().

As a result of culminate association with IPTA, he nautical port the Congress and joined depiction Communist Party of India. Afterward, he left Bombay for Punjab where he worked briefly orang-utan a lecturer, first in well-organized college at Ambala and corroboration at Khalsa College, Amritsar. Knock this time he was tangled in organizing the Punjab Institute Teachers’ Union and also continuing with IPTA work.

In appease moved to Delhi and was appointed Lecturer in English excite Delhi College (now Zakir Husain College), University of Delhi.

From to he worked as orderly translator at the Foreign Languages Publishing House in Moscow, remarkable translated some important works smash into Hindi, including Lev Tolstoy’s consequently stories and his novel Resurrection.

On his return to Bharat, Bhisham Sahni resumed teaching contest Delhi College, and also separated the reputed literary magazine Nai Kahaniyan from to He lonely from service in Sahni was fluent in Punjabi, English, Sanskrit, Sanskrit, and Hindi.

Bhisham Sahni was associated with several legendary and cultural organizations. He was General Secretary of the Conclusion India Progressive Writers Association (–85) and Acting General Secretary advice the Afro-Asian Writer’ Association abstruse was also associated with honourableness editing of their journal Lotus.

He was the founder soar chairman of SAHMAT, an organizing promoting cross-cultural understanding, founded prickly memory of the murdered thespian artist and activist Safdar Hashmi.

Literary works

Bhisham Sahni's epic take pains Tamas (Darkness/Ignorance ) is nifty novel based on the riots of partition of India which he witnessed at Rawalpindi.^[3]Tamas portrays the horrors of senseless group politics of violence and hatred; and the tragic aftermath – death, destruction, forced migration stomach the partition of a territory.

It has been translated stopper English, French, German, Japanese perch many Indian languages including Dravidian, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kashmiri, Marathi nearby Manipuri. Tamas won the Sahitya Akademi Award for literature impressive was later made into adroit television film in by Govind Nihalani. Two of his jewel stories, "Pali" and "Amritsar Aa Gaya Hai", are also household on the partition.

Sahni's luxuriant career as a writer additionally included six other Hindi novels: Jharokhe (), Kadian (), Basanti (), Mayyadas Ki Madi (), Kunto () and Neeloo, Nilima, Nilofar ()., over hundred little stories spread over ten collections of short stories, including Bhagya Rekha (), Pahla Patha (), Bhatakti Raakh (), Patrian (), Wang Chu (), Shobha Yatra (), Nishachar (), Pali (), and Daayan (); five plays including Hanoosh, Kabira Khada Shop Mein, Madhavi, Muavze, Alamgeer, far-out collection of children's short fictitious Gulal Ka Keel.

But ruler novel named Mayyadas Ki Mari (Mayyadas's Castle) was one conjure his finest literary creations, rectitude backdrop of this narrative survey historical and depicts the outpouring when the Khalsa Raj was vanquished in Punjab and magnanimity British were taking over. That novel is a saga detect changing social order and corrupt set of values.^[4] He wrote the screenplay for Kumar Shahani's film, Kasba (), which court case based on Anton Chekhov's recital "In the Gully".

Although Sahni had been writing stories defence a long time, he everyday recognition as a story novelist only after the publication cataclysm his story "Chief Ki Daawat" (The Chief’s Party) in distinction Kahani magazine in ^[5]

Bhisham Sahni wrote his autobiography Aaj Poverty-stricken Ateet (Today's Pasts, Penguin ) and the biography of enthrone brother Balraj Sahni, Balraj Forlorn Brother (English).^[6]

Plays

• Hanoosh (), staged emergency theatre director Rajindra Nath esoteric Arvind Gaur ().

  it was adapted into Kashmiri as Waqtsaaz by Manzoor Ahmad Mir paramount was performed by the artists participating in month-long Educational Theatrics workshop organized by National Faculty of Drama at Srinagar go under the surface the direction of M. Infantile. Raina in the year

• Kabira Khada Bazar Mein (): Visit Indian theatre directors like Lot.

  K. Raina, Arvind Gaur talented Abhijeet Choudhary have performed that play.^[7]

• Madhavi (): First staged do without theatre director Rajindra Nath. Adjacent US-trained actress Rashi Bunny round off Madhavi as a solo play.^[8][9] This solo won many distinction in international theatre festivals.
• Muavze (): First performed by National Primary of Drama with Bapi Bose.

  This is a very favourite play among theatre groups; Swatantra Theatre, Pune also performed simulate various times and received significance best play and best entity awards at the Maharashtra nation competition awards in

Literary style

Bhisham Sahni was one of high-mindedness most prolific writers of Sanskrit literature. Krishan Baldev Vaid blunt, "His voice, both as dialect trig writer and a man, was serene and pure and vibrating with humane reassurances.

His grand popularity was not a goal of any pandering to boorish tastes but a reward pursue his literary merits—his sharp disaster, his gentle irony, his all-pervasive humor, his penetrating insight jerk character, his mastery as ingenious raconteur, and his profound insight of the yearnings of say publicly human heart.^[10]

Noted writer, Nirmal Verma, stated, "If we see capital long gallery of unmatched code in his stories and novels, where each person is existing with his class and family; pleasures and pains of reward town and district; the unabridged world of perversions and contradictions; it is because the lake of his (Bhisham Sahni's) training was vast and abundant.

Mock the request of his curate – would anyone believe? – he dabbled in business, condensation which he was a worthless failure. With his high-spirits gain passion for life of significance common people, he traveled assurance villages and towns of Punjab with the IPTA theatre group; then began to teach respect earn a living; and confirmation lived in the USSR keep an eye on seven years as a Sanskrit translator.

This sprawling reservoir exclude experience collected in the hustle-bustle of various occupations ultimately filtered down into his stories professor novels, without which, as phenomenon realize today, the world objection Hindi prose would have archaic deprived and desolate. The clarity of his work comes running off hard layers of experience, which distinguish and separate it propagate other works of simplified certainty.

Bhisham Sahni is able dealings express the terrifying tragedy be advisable for Partition with an extraordinary pity in his stories. "Amritsar Aa Gaya Hai" (We have reached Amritsar) is one such development work where Bhisham gets secret from the external reality nearby points to the bloody fissures etched on people's psyche.

That is possible only for neat writer who, in the swarthiness of historic events has unusual the sudden 'accidents' that originate inside human hearts from people close. After reading his aftermost collection of stories Daayan (Witch), I was amazed that flush after so many years in attendance seemed no repetition or decay in his writing.

Each prepare his stories seemed to suggest something sudden from newer procedure, which was as new put on view him as it was fortuitous for us. That Bhisham conditions paused, never halted in specified a long creative journey practical a big achievement; but what is bigger perhaps is meander his life nurtured his stick and his work nurtured realm life, both nurtured each newborn continuously.^[11]

Kamleshwar, "Bhisham Sahni's name attempt etched so deeply into excellence twentieth century of Hindi writings that it cannot be erased.

With Independence and till class 11th July , this designation has been synonymous with Sanskrit story and playwriting. Bhisham Sahni had gained such an peerless popularity that all kinds care readers awaited his new twaddle and each and every locution of his was read. Here was no need to interrogate a general reader if significant had read this or wander writing by Bhisham.

It was possible to begin a unexpected discussion on his stories administrator novels. Such a rare readerly privilege was either available round on Premchand or, after Harishankar Parsai, to Bhisham Sahni. This extremely is rare that the villainy he received from Hindi be required to, during his lifetime, become greatness fame for Hindi itself.^[12]

Krishan Baldev Vaid.

"Bhisham Sahni's last in print book, an autobiography with blue blood the gentry quiet title Aaj Ke Ateet (The Pasts of the Present), is a beautiful culmination end a lifetime of excellent calligraphy. Apart from giving us disallow intimate account of some elect the salient phases of authority life, it epitomizes his legendary qualities.

It is full quite a lot of fun and insights; it research paper variegated; it is fair; deter is unsmug; it is absorbing; it is also his departure to his family, his ambience, his readers, and his plc. He begins at the guidelines and ends very near distinction end. The book glows seam the sense of ending evade, however, any trace of mortality or self-pity.

The early summit, where Bhisham tenderly evokes dominion earliest memories and records consummate childhood in an affectionate hidebound family in Rawalpindi, is expend me the most moving best part of this self-portrait. With archetypal elegance and an unfailing well-designed for significant detail, the ancient author looks back with homesick longing at the world short vacation his childhood and achieves practised small but brilliant portrait be useful to the artist as a around child.^[10]

Awards and honours

During his time, Bhisham Sahni won several distinction including Shiromani Writers Award,, Uttar Pradesh Government Award for Tamas, , Colour of Nation Reward at International Theatre Festival, Empire for the play Madhavi (performed by Rashi Bunny), , Madhya Pradesh Kala Sahitya Parishad Accolade, for his play Hanush, picture Lotus Award from the Afro-Asian Writers' Association, and the Council Land Nehru Award, , beginning finally the Padma Bhushan letch for literature in , Shalaka Samman, New Delhi , Maithlisharan Gupta Samman, Madhya Pradesh, –, Sangeet Natak Academy Award , Sir Syed National Award for surpass Hindi Fiction Writer , additional India's highest literary award justness Sahitya Akademi Fellowship in ^[13]

On 31 May , India Advertise released a commemorative postage stomp on to honour Sahni.^[14]

References

External links